Answers to Questions about Canada

❓ Chapter 10 • ⏱️ 6 min read • 📅 Updated on 2024-01-15

1. 1. Rights and freedoms

Two important documents:

  • Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (1982)
  • Canadian Bill of Rights (1960)

2. Four rights of Canadians

  • Right to vote
  • Right to equality
  • Language rights (French/English)
  • Rights of Indigenous peoples

3. Four fundamental freedoms

  • Freedom of religion
  • Freedom of expression
  • Freedom of peaceful assembly
  • Freedom of association

4. 2. Equality and responsibilities

Equality between women and men:

  • Men and women have the same legal rights and opportunities.

5. Example of 'meeting one's needs'

  • Finding a job, raising one's children, paying one's bills.

6. 3. Founding peoples and history

Founding peoples:

  • Indigenous peoples (First Nations, Inuit, Métis), French, British.

7. Métis

  • Distinct people born from marriages between Indigenous peoples and Europeans.

8. Inuit

  • Means "the people" in Inuktitut; inhabitants of the Arctic.

9. 4. Government and politics

Responsible government:

  • The Cabinet must have the confidence of the elected assembly.

10. Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine

  • First head of a responsible government (1849).

11. Constitutional monarchy

  • The King/Queen is the symbolic head of state; the PM governs.

12. Three branches

  • Executive (PM), Legislative (Parliament), Judicial (courts).

13. Queen vs PM

  • The Queen represents the State; the PM leads the government.

14. 5. Symbols and distinctions

Highest distinction:

  • Victoria Cross (military bravery).

15. State symbols

  • Crown, Canadian flag.

16. 6. Elections and government

Voting:

  • One chooses a member of parliament to represent their riding.

17. Who can vote

  • Canadian citizens aged 18+.

18. Secret ballot

  • No, you are not obliged to reveal your choice.

19. Formation of government

  • The party with the most seats in the House of Commons.

20. Three levels of government

  • Federal, provincial/territorial, municipal.

21. 7. Role of courts

Courts:

  • Interpret laws and settle disputes.

22. 8. Geography

Atlantic provinces:

  • NL, PEI, NS, NB.